Cancer Prevention and Diet

When it comes to cancer there are no guarantees. However, there are choices you can make to significantly reduce your risks.

• Focus on fiber—Eat foods rich in fiber, especially those made with whole grains, to help reduce the risk of several cancers.
• Find healthy fats—Meals containing olive oil or fish help protect against cancer, and avoiding fat from meat (especially processed and very well done meat), dairy, and processed foods may decrease cancer risk.
• Go vegetarian—Lower cancer risk by eating plenty of fruits, whole grains, legumes, and vegetables (especially tomatoes and cruciferous vegetables like cabbage), which help to optimize body weight, immune function, and hormone regulation, and to avoid meat-related carcinogens.
• Avoid alcohol—Use alcoholic beverages in moderation or not at all to reduce the risk of many cancers.
• Get regular checkups—Many cancers can be prevented or discovered in the early stages with screening tests available through your doctor.

About

Cancer refers to a large number of diseases categorized by unregulated replication of cells. This may result in cancers that may affect many different body systems, commonly the colon, breast, prostate, and lung. Other less common diseases include cancers of the brain, bone, blood (leukemia), bladder, skin (melanoma), pancreas, uterus, esophagus, head, and neck.
The contents of this article are limited to information about diet and to a discussion of cancer prevention—not treatment. Prevention of cancer in a person who has never had cancer is called “primary” prevention. Primary prevention is the focus of this article.
This article includes a discussion of studies that have assessed whether certain dietary ingredients may be beneficial in connection with the reduction of risk of developing cancer.
This information is provided solely to aid consumers in discussing supplements with their healthcare providers. It is not advised nor is this information intended to advocate, promote, or encourage self-use of this information for cancer risk reduction. Some studies suggest an association between high blood or dietary levels of a particular dietary ingredient with a reduced risk of developing cancer. Even if such an association were established, this does not mean that dietary supplements containing large amounts of the dietary ingredient will necessarily have a cancer risk reduction effect.
Prevention of a recurrence in a cancer patient who is in remission is called “secondary” prevention. Whether the information in this article would be helpful to people interested in secondary prevention is, for the most part, unknown. However, of cancer patients who are in complete remission, the information presented here is unlikely to help people who were ever diagnosed with metastatic cancer (also known as stage IV, or advanced, cancer).
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Americans. Information on the prevention of breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancers is not provided in this article. To find out more about these specific forms of cancer, read the Breast Cancer, Colon Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Prostate Cancer articles.

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